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Hoàng Thế Quang đang tìm kiếm từ khóa What are the differences between a preparation outline and a speaking outline? được Cập Nhật vào lúc : 2022-12-15 05:00:11 . Với phương châm chia sẻ Kinh Nghiệm về trong nội dung bài viết một cách Chi Tiết 2022. Nếu sau khi tham khảo tài liệu vẫn ko hiểu thì hoàn toàn có thể lại Comment ở cuối bài để Tác giả lý giải và hướng dẫn lại nha.Most speakers and audience members would agree that an organized speech is both easier to present as well as more persuasive. Public speaking teachers especially believe in the power of organizing your speech, which is why they encompass elements of a speech, and are a very common way of organizing a speech before it is delivered. Most extemporaneous speakers keep their outlines with them during the speech as a way to ensure that they do not leave out any important elements and to keep them on track. Writing an outline is also important to the speechwriting process since doing so forces the speakers to think about the main points and sub-points, the examples they wish to include, and the ways in which these elements correspond to one another. In short, the outline functions both as an organization tool and as a reference for delivering a speech.
Outline Types
Nội dung chính Show - Outline TypesWhat is the difference between a preparation outline and a speaking outline how might a speaking outline be particularly useful during a presentation?What is the difference between a preparation outline and a speaking outline quizlet?What are the two types of outlines and what are the distinctions between them?What does a speaking outline include?
“Alpena Mayor Carol Shafto Speaks 2011 Michigan Municipal League Convention” by Michigan Municipal League. CC-BY-ND.
There are two types of outlines. The first outline you will write is called the preparation outline. Also called a working, practice, or rough outline, the preparation outline is used to work through the various components of your speech in an inventive format. Stephen E. Lucas put it simply: “The preparation outline is just what its name implies—an outline that helps you prepare the speech” (p. 248). When writing the preparation outline, you should focus on finalizing the purpose and thesis statements, logically ordering your main points, deciding where supporting material should be included and refining the overall organizational pattern of your speech. As you write the preparation outline, you may find it necessary to rearrange your points or to add or subtract supporting material. You may also realize that some of your main points are sufficiently supported while others are lacking. The final draft of your preparation outline should include full sentences, making up a complete script of your entire speech. In most cases, however, the preparation outline is reserved for planning purposes only and is translated into a speaking outline before you deliver the speech.
A speaking outline is an outline you will prepare for use when delivering the speech. The speaking outline is much more succinct than the preparation outline and includes brief phrases or words that remind the speakers of the points they need to make, plus supporting material and signposts. The words or phrases used on the speaking outline should briefly encapsulate all of the information needed to prompt the speaker to accurately deliver the speech. Although some cases call for reading a speech verbatim from the full-sentence outline, in most cases speakers will simply refer to their speaking outline for quick reminders and to ensure that they do not omit any important information. Because it uses just words or short phrases, and not full sentences, the speaking outline can easily be transferred to index cards that can be referenced during a speech.
Outline StructureBecause an outline is used to arrange all of the elements of your speech, it makes sense that the outline itself has an organizational hierarchy and a common format. Although there are a variety of outline styles, generally they follow the same pattern. Main ideas are preceded by Roman numerals (I, II, III, etc.). Sub-points are preceded by capital letters (A, B, C, etc.), then Arabic numerals (1, 2, 3, etc.), and finally lowercase letters (a, b, c, etc.). Each level of subordination is also differentiated from its predecessor by indenting a few spaces. Indenting makes it easy to find your main points, sub-points, and supporting points and examples below them. Since there are three sections to your speech— introduction, body toàn thân, and conclusion— your outline needs to include all of them. Each of these sections is titled, and the main points start with the Roman numeral I.
In addition to these formatting suggestions, there are some additional elements that should be included the beginning of your outline: the title, topic, specific purpose statement, and thesis statement. These elements are helpful to you, the speechwriter, since they remind you what, specifically, you are trying to accomplish in your speech. They are also helpful to anyone reading and assessing your outline since knowing what you want to accomplish will determine how they perceive the elements included in your outline. Additionally, you should write out the transitional statements that you will use to alert audiences that you are moving from one point to another. These are included in parentheses between the main points. At the end of the outlines, you should include bibliographic information for any outside resources you mention during the speech. These should be cited using whatever citations style your professor requires.
See below for an example of an introductory speech without a Works Cited page:Specific Purpose: To inform the audience about how my journal represents something about me.
Central Idea: My journal represents my creative side and my practical side.
IntroductionHow many of you know what this is? (Attention Getter)If you guessed that it is a journal, you’re right.Some of you may own one and use it as I do. (Establish Common Ground/Credibility)Today, I would like to share with you how my journal represents my creative side and my practical side. (Preview)Transition: To begin, let’s take a look how this journal reflects my desire to be creative.
BodyMy journal reflects my creative side because I use it to write poems and short stories, as well as create drawings.For example, I wrote this poem when I graduated from high school about that experience.Read poemI also draw in my journal.Here are two examples of my drawings.Explain drawings.Transition: Now that you know how my journal represents my creative side, let’s talk about how it relates to my practical side.
Although I am creative, I also have a practical side to my personality and my journal helps me stay organized.I have a special section where I write down important dates and events.Show & explain calendarShow & explain reminder sectionI also use the back section of the journal for addresses and phone numbers.Show & explain the address sectionTransition: Now, to wrap this up, let’s review what I’ve talked about today.
ConclusionI’ve given you some insight into my personality by relating how my journal reflects my creative and practical sides. (Review of Main Points)I’m looking forward to hearing about how your objects reveal something about all of you. (Final Statement)Preparation OutlineThis chapter contains the preparation and speaking outlines for a short speech the author of this chapter gave about how small organizations can work on issues related to climate change (see appendices). In this example, the title, specific purpose, thesis, and list of visual aids precede the speech. Depending on your instructor’s requirements, you may need to include these details plus additional information. It is also a good idea to keep these details the top of your document as you write the speech since they will help keep you on track to developing an organized speech that is in line with your specific purpose and helps prove your thesis. At the end of the chapter, in Appendix A, you can find a full-length example of a Preparation (Full Sentence) Outline.
Speaking OutlineA Preparation Outline is condensed into just a few short keywords or phrases that will remind speakers to include all of their main points and supporting information. The introduction and conclusion are not included since they will simply be inserted from the Preparation Outline on your note cards. One index card for each main point with keywords is the general rule of thumb. It is easy to forget your catchy attention-getter or final thoughts you have prepared for your audience, so it is best to include the full-sentence versions even in your speaking outline. Be familiar enough with them, however, so that you don’t read everything work-for-word and forget to connect with your audience!
Using the Speaking Outline
“TAG speaks of others first” by Texas Military Forces. CC-BY-ND.
Once you have prepared the outline and are almost ready to give your speech, you should decide how you want to format your outline for the presentation. Many speakers like to carry a stack of papers with them when they speak, but others are more comfortable with a smaller stack of index cards with the outline copied onto them. Moreover, speaking instructors often have requirements for how you should format the speaking outline.
Whether you decide to use index cards or the printed outline, here are a few tips. First, write large enough so that you do not have to bring the cards or pages close to your eyes to read them. Second, make sure you have the cards/pages in the correct order and bound together in some way so that they do not get out of order. Third, just in case the cards/pages do get out of order (this happens too often!), be sure that you number each in the top right corner so you can quickly and easily get things organized. Fourth, try not to fiddle with the cards/pages when you are speaking. It is best to lay them down if you have a podium or table in front of you. If not, practice reading from them in front of a mirror. You should be able to look down quickly, read the text, and then return to your gaze to the audience.
Any intelligent fool can make things bigger and more complex… It takes a touch of genius – and a lot of courage to move in the opposite direction. ~ Albert EinsteinLucas, Stephen E. (2004). The art of public speaking (8th edition). Tp New York: McGraw-Hill. Beebe, S. A. & Beebe, S. J. (2003). The public speaking handbook (5th edition). Boston: Pearson.LICENSES AND ATTRIBUTIONS
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Chapter 8 Outlining Your Speech. Authored by: Joshua Trey Barnett. Provided by: University of Indiana, Bloomington IN. Locatedat: https://socialsci.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Communication/Public_Speaking/Public_Speaking_(The_Public_Speaking_Project) l
What is the difference between a preparation outline and a speaking outline how might a speaking outline be particularly useful during a presentation?
In most cases, however, the preparation outline is reserved for planning purposes only and is translated into a speaking outline before you deliver the speech. A speaking outline is an outline you will prepare for use when delivering the speech.What is the difference between a preparation outline and a speaking outline quizlet?
A preparation outline should include your final bibliography. A speaking outline is usually longer and more detailed than a preparation outline. The speaking outline follows a different pattern of symbolization and indentation from the preparation outline.What are the two types of outlines and what are the distinctions between them?
What kinds of outlines are there? The two main types of outlines are the topic outline and the sentence outline. The major difference between the two is simply that while the headings in a topic outline are only a word or phrase, the headings in a sentence outline are complete sentences.What does a speaking outline include?
A basic speech outline should include three main sections: The Introduction -- This is where you tell them what you're going to tell them. The Body -- This is where you tell them. The Conclusion -- This is where you tell them what you've told them. Tải thêm tài liệu liên quan đến nội dung bài viết What are the differences between a preparation outline and a speaking outline?